Definition:
A BLEVE is a type of explosion that occurs when a vessel containing a pressurized liquid above its boiling point ruptures. The rupture or containment failure can come from various mechanisms such as:
- a fire
- a missile/impact
- corrosion
- a defect
- internal heating
Fire is not required. The essence is superheated liquid + sudden vessel rupture –> instant depressurization –> violent flash boil –> fireball only occurs if the contents are flammable and ignite.
Key Points:
- Results in a sudden and violent release of vapor and energy.
- Common in scenarios involving liquefied gases like propane or ammonia.
Example:
Failure of a propane storage tank exposed to fire can lead to a BLEVE.
See Also: hazardous area, explosive yield
Cited Source:
- CCPS – Guidelines for Vapor Cloud Explosion, Pressure Vessel Burst, BLEVE Modeling
- Fire Rescue1’s blog post – What firefighters need to know about BLEVEs