Process Hazard Analysis (PHA): One Term, Many Meanings
Process hazard analysis is one of the most searched terms in process safety, and one of the loosest. What a PHA actually is, how it differs from the IEC 61511-1…
Hazard and Risk Analysis Methods: How HAZOP, What-If, LOPA, Risk Graph, FTA, ETA, and Bowtie Fit Together
A practitioner's orientation to the methods that make up an IEC 61511 hazard and risk assessment — HAZOP, What-If, LOPA, risk graph, FTA, ETA, and bowtie — and how they…
Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA): The Engineer’s Guide to SIL Selection
LOPA — layer of protection analysis — is the most widely used method for SIL selection in the process industry. This guide covers how it works, where it fits in…
Hazard and Risk Assessment (H&RA): The Foundation of Functional Safety
A hazard and risk assessment (H&RA) is the foundation of every IEC 61511 safety case. This guide covers what it is, how it works, the methodologies used to conduct one,…
